US2902399A - Filled paper - Google Patents
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- US2902399A US2902399A US552237A US55223755A US2902399A US 2902399 A US2902399 A US 2902399A US 552237 A US552237 A US 552237A US 55223755 A US55223755 A US 55223755A US 2902399 A US2902399 A US 2902399A
- Authority
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- color
- paper
- filler
- pulp
- sheet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 22
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 12
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229940032158 sodium silicate Drugs 0.000 description 12
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 235000019794 sodium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- WNZQDUSMALZDQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-benzofuran-1(3H)-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)OCC2=C1 WNZQDUSMALZDQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LIZLYZVAYZQVPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)methanol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F LIZLYZVAYZQVPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940107698 malachite green Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- KDKJYYNXYAZPIK-UHFFFAOYSA-J aluminum potassium disulfate hydrate Chemical compound O.[Al+3].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KDKJYYNXYAZPIK-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 malachite green lactone Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- WUBNJKMFYXGQDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3-diphenyl-2-benzofuran-1-one Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2C(=O)OC1(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 WUBNJKMFYXGQDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000329 aluminium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011128 aluminium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 101150099875 atpE gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101150018639 atpFH gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101150048329 atpH gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004442 gravimetric analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FDZZZRQASAIRJF-UHFFFAOYSA-M malachite green Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)=C1C=CC(=[N+](C)C)C=C1 FDZZZRQASAIRJF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000005506 phthalide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011369 resultant mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
- D21H17/70—Inorganic compounds forming new compounds in situ, e.g. within the pulp or paper, by chemical reaction with other substances added separately
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
- D21H17/67—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments
- D21H17/68—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments siliceous, e.g. clays
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S101/00—Printing
- Y10S101/29—Printing involving a color-forming phenomenon
Definitions
- This invention relates to new and useful improvements in filled papers and particularly seeks to provide paper containing filler materials of such a nature that the formed paper sheets are capable of being used as sensitized record material of the type that produces a color reaction when subjected to printing or other type of characterforming operations with color-reactant materials.
- Sensitized record materials to which this invention generally relates may be described as comprising a base sheet which carries a normally colorless reactant capable of reacting with a second, normally colorless reactant associated therewith whereby to cause the two reactant materials to produce color upon the practicing of any printing or other character-forming operations thereon.
- This invention particularly provides a novel paper sheet for such sensitized record materials which has bodily incorporated therein as a filler certain materials which in themselves are normally colorless but which are capable of reacting with a second normally colorless material to produce color on the sheet as the direct result of practicing printing or other character-forming operation thereon.
- This invention also provides a novel filled paper sheet in which the color-reactable filler materials were added to an aqueous pulp suspension prior to the time at which a sheet or web is formed whereby to assure the even distribution of the filler materials and their reaction products throughout the finished web and to coat the individual pulp fibers without causing the formation of localized areas of solidified or flocced filler.
- the sensitized paper sheet produced in accordance with this invention is particularly adapted for use in connection with organic color-reactable materials such as the phthalides disclosed in United States Letters Patent 2,505,470, granted to B. K. Green, April 26, 1950.
- fine particles of solid inorganic material providing a large adsorbent surface area, form one of two color reactants, and this material is adapted to cause a color change in certain organic compounds coming into adsorption contact therewith.
- the organic compounds may be those disclosed in the above mentioned patent and may be used either in fluid or solid form, but if in solid form preferably should be carried in a fluid vehicle to promote the ad: sorption contact, and include such compounds as crystal violet lactone and malachite green lactone.
- Crystal violet lactone is the 3,3 bis(p-dimethylaminophenyl)-6-dirnethylamino phthalide as disclosed in United States Reissue 23,024, issued to Clyde S. Adams on August 17, 1948.
- An object of this invention is to provide a paper sheet filled with an adsorbent inorganic colorreactable material suitable for use as sensitized record materials.
- Another object of this. invention is to provide a paper sheet of the character stated in which the filler comprises a mixture of sodium aluminate, sodium silicate and their reaction products.
- a further object of this invention is to provide a paper sheet of the character stated in which a relatively intense, clear color will appear as the result of printing or other character-forming operations when used in conjunction With a suitable organic color-reactable material.
- a further object of this invention is to provide a paper sheet of the character statedin which the color produced will remain without fading for substantial periods of time.
- this invention has solved the problem of how to make a filled sheet completely suitable for use as color-reactable sensitized record materials.
- a paper sheet may be made in several ways in accordance with this invention and it is believed that the following examples will serve adequately to illustrate the,
- a "more specific formula for malachite green "lactone is 3,3 ibis (p-Idime'thylaminophenyl) :phthalide.
- Thematiachite :green lac'tone 1 gives a green color when 'chang'e dto its colored form.
- Other color reactants are suitable, such as crystal violet lactone, which has the formulal3,3 bis (ip-dimethylaminophemtl) .6 .-dimethylaminolphthalide, produces a dark blue color when changed to the colored form.
- Example 2..'-.;Another 500 .cc. of the samepulp :suspension was treated exactly as in Example 1 above, but the pH in 'the sheet mold was adjusted to-a value of about 5;.0.
- vEllie resultant sheets contained from about 16% to 19% alurnino-silicate filler.
- Each of these sheets'when used with a second sheet coated with the emulsion coating containing malachite green lactone or crystal violet lactonei exhibited amore'intense color than that secured in Example -1 with .the same clarity of character formation when subjected to the action of a dry faced adding machine printer-or of a typewriter.
- the filler materials are added tothe pulp suspension at any convenient place in the system and the pH subsequently adjusted as in the foregoing -ex amples.
- 15% by weight (based on bone-dry pulp) of the sodium aluminate solution may be added to the beater and followed by addition of 15 by weight (based on bone-dry pulp) of the sodium sili cate solution.
- a new article of manufacture comprising a sensitizedcolor-reactable paper made of wood pulp fibers coated by having sodium aluminate and sodium silicate added to a water suspension of the wood pulp 'fibers of which the paper is made, in that order, and by causing the sodium aluminate and the sodium silicate to react in the presence of the fibers by the pH adjustment of thej suspension to a value 5-6 with alum water to produce on the fibers the reaction product, alurnino-silicate,
Description
ECS
FILLED PAPER Leon J. Paquin, Glens Falls, N.Y., assignor to The National Cash Register Company, Dayton, Ohio, a corporation of Maryland 1 Claim. (Cl. 162-181) This invention relates to new and useful improvements in filled papers and particularly seeks to provide paper containing filler materials of such a nature that the formed paper sheets are capable of being used as sensitized record material of the type that produces a color reaction when subjected to printing or other type of characterforming operations with color-reactant materials.
This is a division of my copending application which issued on July 31, 1956, as United States Letters Patent, No. 2,757,085.
Sensitized record materials to which this invention generally relates may be described as comprising a base sheet which carries a normally colorless reactant capable of reacting with a second, normally colorless reactant associated therewith whereby to cause the two reactant materials to produce color upon the practicing of any printing or other character-forming operations thereon.
This invention particularly provides a novel paper sheet for such sensitized record materials which has bodily incorporated therein as a filler certain materials which in themselves are normally colorless but which are capable of reacting with a second normally colorless material to produce color on the sheet as the direct result of practicing printing or other character-forming operation thereon.
This invention also provides a novel filled paper sheet in which the color-reactable filler materials were added to an aqueous pulp suspension prior to the time at which a sheet or web is formed whereby to assure the even distribution of the filler materials and their reaction products throughout the finished web and to coat the individual pulp fibers without causing the formation of localized areas of solidified or flocced filler.
More specifically, the sensitized paper sheet produced in accordance with this invention is particularly adapted for use in connection with organic color-reactable materials such as the phthalides disclosed in United States Letters Patent 2,505,470, granted to B. K. Green, April 26, 1950.
In the particular type of color reaction in which the novel paper of this invention plays a part, fine particles of solid inorganic material, providing a large adsorbent surface area, form one of two color reactants, and this material is adapted to cause a color change in certain organic compounds coming into adsorption contact therewith. The organic compounds may be those disclosed in the above mentioned patent and may be used either in fluid or solid form, but if in solid form preferably should be carried in a fluid vehicle to promote the ad: sorption contact, and include such compounds as crystal violet lactone and malachite green lactone. Crystal violet lactone is the 3,3 bis(p-dimethylaminophenyl)-6-dirnethylamino phthalide as disclosed in United States Reissue 23,024, issued to Clyde S. Adams on August 17, 1948.
An object of this invention, therefore, is to provide a paper sheet filled with an adsorbent inorganic colorreactable material suitable for use as sensitized record materials.
Another object of this. invention is to provide a paper sheet of the character stated in which the filler comprises a mixture of sodium aluminate, sodium silicate and their reaction products.
A further object of this invention is to provide a paper sheet of the character stated in which a relatively intense, clear color will appear as the result of printing or other character-forming operations when used in conjunction With a suitable organic color-reactable material.
A further object of this invention is to provide a paper sheet of the character statedin which the color produced will remain without fading for substantial periods of time.
With these and other objects, the nature of 'which will become more apparent, a fuller understanding of this invention will be gained by reference to the following detailed description and the appended claim.
Heretofore other workers in the art have had some success in producing coated paper for use as the base sheets in sensitized color-producing record materials, but it has been considered impossible to employ filled sheets for the same purpose in view of the fact that only a small fraction of the filler material would be available on the surface of the sheet for contact with the organic colorreactable material, whereas in the coated sheets a large part of the inorganic color-reactable' material is available on the surface of the sheet.
For the first time this invention has solved the problem of how to make a filled sheet completely suitable for use as color-reactable sensitized record materials.
In accordance with the principles of this invention it has been found possible to produce a paper sheet filled with an inorganic material, namely, a mixture of sodium aluminate (NaAlOg), sodium silicate (approximately Na O-3.2SiO and any reaction products thereof, particularly useful as a base sheet for color-reaction with many organic color-reactable compounds.
A paper sheet may be made in several ways in accordance with this invention and it is believed that the following examples will serve adequately to illustrate the,
of bone-dry pulp per weight of pulp and water) at ordinary temperatures was added 41 cc. of a freshly pre-. pared 10% solution of sodium aluminate by weight.
based on bone-dry pulp) with constant stirring. After the addition of the sodium aluminate was completed 41 cc. of a 10% solution of sodium silicate (15% by weight based on bone-dry pulp) was added with constant stirring. The resultant mixture was diluted with water to a volume of 2 liters in order to provide practical volumetric units when sheets are made. values are generally on the order of 10 to 12. The. mixture is then adjusted to a pH of 6.0 to 6.2 with-a 10% solution of papermakers alum. Hand sheets were then made in a sheet mold, having a cross-sectional area of 31 sq. in. and a volumetric capacity in excess of 4.1iters, :byv
pouring a 50 cc. quantity of the above suspension into the mold in which there is sufiicient water to bring the volume to 4 liters, adjusting the pH to a value of about 6.0 by
the addition of 0.08% alum solution, and then forming the sheet.
The resultant sheets of 31 sq. in. area each weighed about 0.9 gram (27.6 pounds on a 24 X 36'500 basis) tone of the type disclosed in United States Patent 2,374,- 862 as an emulsion containing tetra-methyhdiamino At this stage the pH diphenyl phthalide, granted to B. K. Green on May 1, 1945, exhibited intense color and clear-character formation when subjected to the action of a dry-faced adding machine printer or of a typewriter.
A "more specific formula for malachite green "lactone is 3,3 ibis (p-Idime'thylaminophenyl) :phthalide. Thematiachite :green lac'tone 1 gives a green color when 'chang'e dto its colored form. Other color reactants are suitable, such as crystal violet lactone, which has the formulal3,3 bis (ip-dimethylaminophemtl) .6 .-dimethylaminolphthalide, produces a dark blue color when changed to the colored form.
Example 2..'-.;Another 500 .cc. of the samepulp :suspension was treated exactly as in Example 1 above, but the pH in 'the sheet mold was adjusted to-a value of about 5;.0.
vEllie resultant sheets contained from about 16% to 19% alurnino-silicate filler. Each of these sheets'when used with a second sheet coated with the emulsion coating containing malachite green lactone or crystal violet lactoneiexhibited amore'intense color than that secured in Example -1 with .the same clarity of character formation when subjected to the action of a dry faced adding machine printer-or of a typewriter.
In the :foregoing examples 'the'nature of the filler retained in the finishedsheets was 'determined through the use of a pulpless system in which the quantities of chemica1s,'concentration of chemicals, successive dilutions and pH control were the same as for making handshee't s. Thus 4.08 grams of air'dry sodium aluminate were dissolved in 40 cc. of hot water and added to 473cc. of water. Then 40.8 cc. of the approximate composition Na O-lZSiO was added under continuousstirri-ng to the sodium' aluminate solution. The mixture was then diluted to a volume of 1800 cc. and'95 -cc.-o'fa 10% alum "solution was added to lower the pH from approximately 11 to 6 6.2. The mixture was then transferred to a 2-lit er volumetric fiask and made up to volume. Following this the mixture was poured into an open vessel and, while under constant'stirring, a 100 cc. aliquot was withdrawn, diluted to 1 liter and filtered under vacuum on a tared #41 filter paper. Air-dry,'bonedry and ash weights were obtained on the reissue. Gravimetric analysis indicated the a'lumino-silicate portion of the bone-dr-y filler to be of composition A1 1.85SiO -'3.15=H O. The air-dry (50% RH. at 72 F.) filler contained 23% m'oretree water.
It will be appreciated that-other methods of analysis might produce difierent numerical results as to the amounts of retained filler -in the finished sheets as well as variations in the indicated composition of the retained filler.
The foregoing two examples represent what now appears to be the optimum pecentages of the added filler materials-'atpH valuesof 5 to 6 which are values that can be :satisfactorily employed under standard mill procedures onfull-scale runs.
ltshould be noted that within a wide range-of'total percentages of fillers used, based on pulp, a one to one ratio as between the sodium aluminate and the sodium silicate gives the best results with respect to color sensitivity of the finished sheet, but usable results as to color sensitivity are obtainable with the use of one part-of'sodium aluminate and from 0.7 to 2.0 parts of sodium silicate.
Surprisingly it has been found that to a considerable degree the color sensitivity and uniformity of these filled papers is dependent on the manner in "which the filler compounds are added to the pulp suspension. It will be noted from the preceding examples that perfectly satisfactory results are obtainable when thesodium aluminate is added to the pulp suspension first followed by addition of the sodium silicate and pH adjustment with alum water.
When this procedure is followed the individual'fibers of 4 the pulp apparently become coated with the filler materials or the reaction products thereof-and consequently the retained filler is uniformly distributed in fine particle form throughout the finished paper sheets.
However, when the order of addition of filler was reversed and the sodium silicate added first followed by the sodium aluminate the resultant paper sheets were not as satisfactory from the standpoint of color sensitivity. Similar troubles were encountered when attempts were made to form a clear fluid gel from the sodiumaluminate and sodium silicate and then adding the gel to the pulp suspension.
In View of the fact that many variables will beencountered from time to time during the manufacture of filled color-sensitive papers of this type the quantities, consistencies, pH values, etc. given above should be recognized as illustrative only. Whenever changes are made in the specifications for the finished sheets in accordance with various end uses such changes invariably will require a change in the -freeness of the pulp, for example, and a change in freeness in turn could well modify the amount of filler retained if the same gross amount of filler were added. Therefore, the quantities of sodium aluminate and sodiunr silicate would have to be changed from those given in the above examples in order 'to secure the same color sensitivity in the finished sheets. Similarly, variations in the nature of the wood pulp itself, for example, use of a furnish of "bleached sulphate pulp, or a mixture'o'f bleached groundwood and sulphite pulps in place of all bleached sulphite stock will necessitate corresponding changes. rectamounts of the sodium aluminate and sodium silicate to be added will be for'economical purposes the smallest amounts consistent with the obtaining of satisfactory color sensitivity inthe finished paper.
In a machine run of paper made in accordance with this invention the filler materials are added tothe pulp suspension at any convenient place in the system and the pH subsequently adjusted as in the foregoing -ex amples. For illustrative purposes 15% by weight (based on bone-dry pulp) of the sodium aluminate solution may be added to the beater and followed by addition of 15 by weight (based on bone-dry pulp) of the sodium sili cate solution.
as at a stock chest, regulator chest, fan'pump or even at the' paper machine head box.
What is claimed is:
A new article of manufacture comprising a sensitizedcolor-reactable paper made of wood pulp fibers coated by having sodium aluminate and sodium silicate added to a water suspension of the wood pulp 'fibers of which the paper is made, in that order, and by causing the sodium aluminate and the sodium silicate to react in the presence of the fibers by the pH adjustment of thej suspension to a value 5-6 with alum water to produce on the fibers the reaction product, alurnino-silicate,
whereby to produce'a finished paper containing not less than 16% air dry (50% relative humidity at 72 degrees Fahrenheit) alumino-silicate on the pulp fibers thereof.
References Cited in the file'of this'patent UNITED STATES PATENTS In any event the cor- ThepH adjustment to 6.0-6.2 through-the use of alum is later made at any convenient place in thesystem between the heater and the paper machine, such Rinman Sept. 27, 1932 Great Britain June 24,1 49
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US552237A US2902399A (en) | 1950-11-06 | 1955-11-29 | Filled paper |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US19438650 US2757085A (en) | 1950-11-06 | 1950-11-06 | Method for making paper filled with alumino-silicate |
US552237A US2902399A (en) | 1950-11-06 | 1955-11-29 | Filled paper |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2902399A true US2902399A (en) | 1959-09-01 |
Family
ID=26889959
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US552237A Expired - Lifetime US2902399A (en) | 1950-11-06 | 1955-11-29 | Filled paper |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US2902399A (en) |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3150033A (en) * | 1960-06-13 | 1964-09-22 | Saint Gobain | Filter fabric and method of making it |
US3173831A (en) * | 1961-12-29 | 1965-03-16 | Johns Manville | Method of improving the filtration characteristics of asbestos |
US3266973A (en) * | 1963-07-25 | 1966-08-16 | Richard P Crowley | Method of preparing adsorbent filter paper containing crystalline zeolite particles, and paper thereof |
US3330722A (en) * | 1963-10-31 | 1967-07-11 | Mitsubishi Paper Mill Ltd | Method for preparing pressure-sensitive filler-containing copying paper and paper thereof |
US5336311A (en) * | 1992-07-07 | 1994-08-09 | Nord Kaolin Company | Cationic pigments |
US6183600B1 (en) | 1997-05-19 | 2001-02-06 | Sortwell & Co. | Method of making paper |
US6190561B1 (en) | 1997-05-19 | 2001-02-20 | Sortwell & Co., Part Interest | Method of water treatment using zeolite crystalloid coagulants |
US8721896B2 (en) | 2012-01-25 | 2014-05-13 | Sortwell & Co. | Method for dispersing and aggregating components of mineral slurries and low molecular weight multivalent polymers for mineral aggregation |
US9150442B2 (en) | 2010-07-26 | 2015-10-06 | Sortwell & Co. | Method for dispersing and aggregating components of mineral slurries and high-molecular weight multivalent polymers for clay aggregation |
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US1879503A (en) * | 1931-08-22 | 1932-09-27 | Rinman Erik Ludvig | Method of relieving alkaline solutions, particularly waste liquors from the soda or sulphate pulp manufacture, of silica |
US2088417A (en) * | 1936-05-23 | 1937-07-27 | Ditto Inc | Method of securing light fastness in transfer copies |
US2243296A (en) * | 1938-06-01 | 1941-05-27 | Ernest J Sweetland | Filter element and method of making the same |
US2249118A (en) * | 1938-01-07 | 1941-07-15 | Pervel Corp | Impregnated paper |
GB625323A (en) * | 1945-10-19 | 1949-06-24 | Sutcliffe Speakman & Company L | Improvements relating to the production of paper and the like |
US2550467A (en) * | 1948-07-13 | 1951-04-24 | Ncr Co | Manifold record material and process for making it |
US2550470A (en) * | 1948-07-13 | 1951-04-24 | Ncr Co | Pressure sensitive record material |
US2599094A (en) * | 1949-12-10 | 1952-06-03 | Vanderbilt Co R T | Cellulosic fibrous calcium silicate pigment, a method of making it and a sheet of paper containing it |
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1955
- 1955-11-29 US US552237A patent/US2902399A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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US1879503A (en) * | 1931-08-22 | 1932-09-27 | Rinman Erik Ludvig | Method of relieving alkaline solutions, particularly waste liquors from the soda or sulphate pulp manufacture, of silica |
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Cited By (12)
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---|---|---|---|---|
US3150033A (en) * | 1960-06-13 | 1964-09-22 | Saint Gobain | Filter fabric and method of making it |
US3173831A (en) * | 1961-12-29 | 1965-03-16 | Johns Manville | Method of improving the filtration characteristics of asbestos |
US3266973A (en) * | 1963-07-25 | 1966-08-16 | Richard P Crowley | Method of preparing adsorbent filter paper containing crystalline zeolite particles, and paper thereof |
US3330722A (en) * | 1963-10-31 | 1967-07-11 | Mitsubishi Paper Mill Ltd | Method for preparing pressure-sensitive filler-containing copying paper and paper thereof |
US5336311A (en) * | 1992-07-07 | 1994-08-09 | Nord Kaolin Company | Cationic pigments |
US6183600B1 (en) | 1997-05-19 | 2001-02-06 | Sortwell & Co. | Method of making paper |
US6190561B1 (en) | 1997-05-19 | 2001-02-20 | Sortwell & Co., Part Interest | Method of water treatment using zeolite crystalloid coagulants |
US9150442B2 (en) | 2010-07-26 | 2015-10-06 | Sortwell & Co. | Method for dispersing and aggregating components of mineral slurries and high-molecular weight multivalent polymers for clay aggregation |
US9540469B2 (en) | 2010-07-26 | 2017-01-10 | Basf Se | Multivalent polymers for clay aggregation |
US8721896B2 (en) | 2012-01-25 | 2014-05-13 | Sortwell & Co. | Method for dispersing and aggregating components of mineral slurries and low molecular weight multivalent polymers for mineral aggregation |
US9090726B2 (en) | 2012-01-25 | 2015-07-28 | Sortwell & Co. | Low molecular weight multivalent cation-containing acrylate polymers |
US9487610B2 (en) | 2012-01-25 | 2016-11-08 | Basf Se | Low molecular weight multivalent cation-containing acrylate polymers |
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